My academic interest
At present, I am working at a Post Graduate college in Kanpur, UP, India. This college is one of the best college affiliated with CSJM University, Kanpur. Here, I am teaching to B.Sc. and M.Sc. Students. Before it I have also taught the B.Tech. and B.Sc. students of ASET, New Delhi and Allahabad University, Allahabad. In my approximetely eleven year journey of teaching, I feel that a learned person who is good learner, good listener, humble, honest and have passion of delivering ideas should be a teacher. I am trying to fit in this criteria.
Yet I have specilization in solid state physics, but at present I am teaching Atomic & Molecular Physics, Electrodynamics and Statistical Physics at P.G. Level and Electronics at U.G. Level. I am also taking the Labs of B.Sc. I, II, III. The supervision of projects at P.G. Level is also done by me. Going through all these, I feel that knowledge has infinite depth. If you want to be a teacher then first of all be a good learner.
Learning by doing develops a keen interest towads the experiments in me. I feel a great happiness in doing and exploring the experiments with the students. The multisim software, scilab and virtual lab make a easy method to me for exploring the ideas of physics and understanding of experiments.
A happy destination gives pleasure. Similarly, a lot of pleasure is felt by me at hearing the succes of my student.
Yet I have specilization in solid state physics, but at present I am teaching Atomic & Molecular Physics, Electrodynamics and Statistical Physics at P.G. Level and Electronics at U.G. Level. I am also taking the Labs of B.Sc. I, II, III. The supervision of projects at P.G. Level is also done by me. Going through all these, I feel that knowledge has infinite depth. If you want to be a teacher then first of all be a good learner.
Learning by doing develops a keen interest towads the experiments in me. I feel a great happiness in doing and exploring the experiments with the students. The multisim software, scilab and virtual lab make a easy method to me for exploring the ideas of physics and understanding of experiments.
A happy destination gives pleasure. Similarly, a lot of pleasure is felt by me at hearing the succes of my student.
My research interest
I am interested to know the micro-structural properties material with ultrasonic non-destructive technique (NDT) and non-destructive evaluation (NDE). I have preferred this technique due to its non-destructive nature and its easy applicability during and after the production of material. By knowing the co-relation of micro-structural parameters with ultrasonic parameters, the properties of material and its performance can be controlled.
The material science and characterization is a field concerned with inventing new materials and improving previously known materials by developing a deeper understanding of properties under different physical conditions. The properties of materials depend upon their composition, structure, synthesis and processing. Many properties of materials depend strongly on the structure, even if the composition of the material remains same. This is why the structure-property or microstructure property relationships in materials are extremely important.
On the basis of different physical properties, the materials are classified mainly into five categories: (a) metals and alloys, (b) semi-metals and semiconductors, (c) ceramics, glasses and glass-ceramics, (d) polymers, and (e) composite materials. Functional classification of materials includes aerospace, biomedical, electronic, energy and environmental, magnetic, and optical (photonic) materials. The structural classification of materials are of two types as (a) crystalline (single crystal and polycrystalline), and (b) amorphous.
The selection of a material and the potential to be manufactured economically and safely into useful product is a complicated process. It requires the complete knowledge of constituent material not only after production but also in processing. Increased competition and need of higher productivity and better products from material producing industries are creating more stringent requirements for process and quality control. This demands the characterization of materials. The topic material characterization essentially includes the evaluation of elastic behaviour, material microstructure and morphological features, associated mechanical properties etc. The destructive, semi-destructive and non-destructive testing (DT & NDT) techniques are available for the complete characterization. These characterization techniques are the basic tool for the quality control and quality assurance of the material or component or product. Under destructive technique (such as: tensile testing, creep testing, impact testing, torsion testing, hardness testing etc.) of characterization the tested material or product can not be used again. Non-destructive technique (such as: visual testing, liquid penetrant testing, magnetic particle testing, eddy current testing, radiographic testing, ultrasonic testing, leak testing, thermography and neutron radiography) is a specific procedure whereby the service ability of materials or components is not impaired by testing process.
Ultrasonics, which is a sub category of acoustics deals with acoustics beyond the audio limit of 20 KHz. The application of ultrasonics falls into two categories as high frequency- low intensity and low frequency – high intensity. The low intensity application carries the purpose of simply transmitting energy through the medium in order to obtain the information about the medium or to convey information through the medium. High intensity application deliberately affects the propagation medium or its contents. So, the low intensity and high intensity application of ultrasonic wave belongs in non-destructive and destructive techniques of characterization respectively. Uses of high intensity ultrasonic wave includes medical therapy and surgery, atomization of liquids, machining of materials, cleaning and wielding of plastics and metals, disruption of biological cells, and homogenization of materials, while the low intensity includes medical diagnosis, acoustical holography, material characterization etc.
The quantities, ultrasonic velocity and attenuation are the important parameters, which are required for the ultrasonic non-destructive technique of material characterization. The ultrasonic velocity is related to the elastic constants and density of material. Hence, it gives the information about the mechanical, anisotropic and elastic properties of medium through it passes. It is also important in low temperature physics because it is involved in the evaluation of Debye average velocity and Debye temperature. Ultrasonic velocity in nanofluid depends on the concentration of nano-particles of material dispersed in polymer matrix, thus it is not only important at bulk scale but also at nanoscale. When the ultrasonic wave propagates through the medium, its some part of energy is attenuated through the different mechanism like thermal loss, scattering, absorption, electron-phonon interaction, phonon-phonon interaction, and magnon-phonon interaction etc., called as ultrasonic attenuation. The coefficient of ultrasonic attenuation correlates several physical like elastic constants, guruneisen parameter, thermal conductivity, thermal relaxation time, acoustic coupling constant, thermal energy density, specific heat, particle size, density, Debye average velocity, and concentration etc. Thus, the material can be characterized with the knowledge of ultrasonic parameters under different physical conditions.
Normally, the ultrasonic NDT of material characterization are used for the determination of (a) elastic constants (Shear modulus, Bulk modulus, Young modulus and lame modulus), (b) microstructure (grain size, texture, density etc.), (c) discontinuity (porosity, creep damage, fatigue damage etc.), and (mechanical properties (tensile strength, shear strength, hardness etc.). The new work in this field also provides the characterization of advanced and smart materials like GMR etc. Now a day, the synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials and nanofluids are also in touch of ultrasonic NDT&E.
The material science and characterization is a field concerned with inventing new materials and improving previously known materials by developing a deeper understanding of properties under different physical conditions. The properties of materials depend upon their composition, structure, synthesis and processing. Many properties of materials depend strongly on the structure, even if the composition of the material remains same. This is why the structure-property or microstructure property relationships in materials are extremely important.
On the basis of different physical properties, the materials are classified mainly into five categories: (a) metals and alloys, (b) semi-metals and semiconductors, (c) ceramics, glasses and glass-ceramics, (d) polymers, and (e) composite materials. Functional classification of materials includes aerospace, biomedical, electronic, energy and environmental, magnetic, and optical (photonic) materials. The structural classification of materials are of two types as (a) crystalline (single crystal and polycrystalline), and (b) amorphous.
The selection of a material and the potential to be manufactured economically and safely into useful product is a complicated process. It requires the complete knowledge of constituent material not only after production but also in processing. Increased competition and need of higher productivity and better products from material producing industries are creating more stringent requirements for process and quality control. This demands the characterization of materials. The topic material characterization essentially includes the evaluation of elastic behaviour, material microstructure and morphological features, associated mechanical properties etc. The destructive, semi-destructive and non-destructive testing (DT & NDT) techniques are available for the complete characterization. These characterization techniques are the basic tool for the quality control and quality assurance of the material or component or product. Under destructive technique (such as: tensile testing, creep testing, impact testing, torsion testing, hardness testing etc.) of characterization the tested material or product can not be used again. Non-destructive technique (such as: visual testing, liquid penetrant testing, magnetic particle testing, eddy current testing, radiographic testing, ultrasonic testing, leak testing, thermography and neutron radiography) is a specific procedure whereby the service ability of materials or components is not impaired by testing process.
Ultrasonics, which is a sub category of acoustics deals with acoustics beyond the audio limit of 20 KHz. The application of ultrasonics falls into two categories as high frequency- low intensity and low frequency – high intensity. The low intensity application carries the purpose of simply transmitting energy through the medium in order to obtain the information about the medium or to convey information through the medium. High intensity application deliberately affects the propagation medium or its contents. So, the low intensity and high intensity application of ultrasonic wave belongs in non-destructive and destructive techniques of characterization respectively. Uses of high intensity ultrasonic wave includes medical therapy and surgery, atomization of liquids, machining of materials, cleaning and wielding of plastics and metals, disruption of biological cells, and homogenization of materials, while the low intensity includes medical diagnosis, acoustical holography, material characterization etc.
The quantities, ultrasonic velocity and attenuation are the important parameters, which are required for the ultrasonic non-destructive technique of material characterization. The ultrasonic velocity is related to the elastic constants and density of material. Hence, it gives the information about the mechanical, anisotropic and elastic properties of medium through it passes. It is also important in low temperature physics because it is involved in the evaluation of Debye average velocity and Debye temperature. Ultrasonic velocity in nanofluid depends on the concentration of nano-particles of material dispersed in polymer matrix, thus it is not only important at bulk scale but also at nanoscale. When the ultrasonic wave propagates through the medium, its some part of energy is attenuated through the different mechanism like thermal loss, scattering, absorption, electron-phonon interaction, phonon-phonon interaction, and magnon-phonon interaction etc., called as ultrasonic attenuation. The coefficient of ultrasonic attenuation correlates several physical like elastic constants, guruneisen parameter, thermal conductivity, thermal relaxation time, acoustic coupling constant, thermal energy density, specific heat, particle size, density, Debye average velocity, and concentration etc. Thus, the material can be characterized with the knowledge of ultrasonic parameters under different physical conditions.
Normally, the ultrasonic NDT of material characterization are used for the determination of (a) elastic constants (Shear modulus, Bulk modulus, Young modulus and lame modulus), (b) microstructure (grain size, texture, density etc.), (c) discontinuity (porosity, creep damage, fatigue damage etc.), and (mechanical properties (tensile strength, shear strength, hardness etc.). The new work in this field also provides the characterization of advanced and smart materials like GMR etc. Now a day, the synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials and nanofluids are also in touch of ultrasonic NDT&E.